On May 28, 2026, a meeting of the Council of Scholars was held at the Institute of Economics and Demography of the Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan.
The agenda of the meeting included the following issues:
Approval of the Action Plan of the Institute of Economics and Demography for the wintering period of 2026–2027.
On the status of scientific-theoretical seminars of the departments and the Institute.
On the progress of implementing the Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan dated 30.06.2021 No.263 “On the Strategy of the Republic of Tajikistan in the fields of science, technology and innovation until 2030.”
Current issues.
Care for youth, addressing their challenges, and the proper use of this strategic national resource for the progress and prosperity of the Motherland, as well as ensuring the security and stability of society, is considered one of the main priorities of the Government, since the majority of Tajikistan’s population consists of young people.
Emomali Rahmon
Every year, May 23 is celebrated in the Republic of Tajikistan as Youth Day. This day reflects the constructive and important role of youth in the development of society and the strengthening of national statehood. Youth are regarded as a powerful driving force of every country.
The Founder of Peace and National Unity, Leader of the Nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Honorable Emomali Rahmon, has repeatedly stated: “We must educate and raise young people so that tomorrow they can take responsibility for the state, develop it, make it prosperous, and represent their nation and state with dignity to the world.”
In all his speeches, the Head of State pays special attention to youth, considering them the pillar of the state and the guarantor of a bright future. Today, Tajik youth actively contribute to various fields such as science, culture, sports, technology, agriculture, and industry.
The upbringing of the younger generation, especially youth, is one of the pressing issues of Tajik society and the modern world. The correct solution to this issue greatly influences the development of all spheres of social, economic, political, and cultural life.
The Government of Tajikistan regards youth as a powerful creative force and the driving factor of all spheres of life, recognizing the resolution of their life, educational, and professional challenges as a priority of its social policy.
In the youth-oriented policy pursued by the Founder of Peace and National Unity, Leader of the Nation, President of Tajikistan, Honorable Emomali Rahmon, youth hold an important position, and the country’s leadership places great trust in them.
The Government relies on honest, educated, and professional young people in achieving the nation’s strategic goals. In response to this trust, youth must be even more active in acquiring modern knowledge and learning new professions.
In Tajikistan, special attention is given to youth issues. State programs are aimed at raising the level of knowledge, developing abilities, and ensuring favorable living conditions for young people. Supporting talented youth, creating opportunities for education, and involving them in public activities are among the key directions.
All this demonstrates that youth occupy an important place in state policy. Every year, May 23 is celebrated as Youth Day in Tajikistan. On this day, various events are held across the country, including cultural programs, meetings, conferences, and sports competitions. These events serve not only as entertainment but also as a means of strengthening patriotism and youth activism.
Emomali Rahmon emphasizes: “Youth must comprehensively study the lessons of independence, be aware of the current political processes of the country, deeply know the history of their people, and take pride in their homeland, nation, language, and culture.”
The role of youth in strengthening peace and stability, ensuring state security, protecting and promoting national interests, and advancing modern civilization is considered vital and significant.
Tajikistan is a young and independent state, and nearly 70% of its population consists of youth. It is a matter of pride that, by the initiative of President Emomali Rahmon and the decision of the Majlisi Oli on May 22, 1998, May 23 was declared Youth Day in Tajikistan.
Youth are the foundation of society, the continuers of ancestral deeds, and the guardians of traditions and culture. They are the ones capable of continuing the Leader of the Nation’s policy, preserving the stability and resilience of the state.
Summary of scientific events dedicated to the 35th anniversary of the state independence of the Republic of Tajikistan under the title “Free Economic Zones of the Republic of Tajikistan and Their Development.”
For the purpose of implementing the action plan of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan dedicated to the 35th anniversary of the state independence of the Republic of Tajikistan, a scientific‑theoretical seminar of young scholars was held in the hall of the Institute of Economics and Demography of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan.
The seminar was opened by the Head of the Department of Economic Theory and Institutional Research of the Institute of Economics and Demography of the National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan, Doctor of Economic Sciences, Professor Avror Boboevich Mirsaidov, who emphasized that free economic zones are considered the driving force of the economy of every developed country.
Subsequently, the Chairman of the Council of Young Scientists of the Institute, Senior Researcher of the Department of Economic Theory and Institutional Research, Candidate of Economic Sciences Abdulmanon Mahmadsaid Safarzoda delivered a presentation on the topic “Free Economic Zones of the Republic of Tajikistan and Their Development.” During his presentation, he shared the results of scientific research on the free economic zones of Tajikistan and their development during the years of independence, highlighting their role in ensuring the sustainable development of the country. The speaker provided analyses of the progress of free economic zones and the prospects for their further growth.
Finally, the event concluded with scientific discussions and substantive debates.
Youth is the most valuable period in a person's life, characterized by intellectual energy, courage, and the choice of a future path. In the modern world, young people are not only the future of the nation but also the main driving force of today’s society. The future of a state and nation depends on the knowledge, worldview, and activity of its youth. It is the young generation, with their intelligence, physical strength, and innovative ideas, who can guide society toward progress.
Young people should focus more on studying science, technology, and acquiring professional skills and trades. An educated young person can make a valuable contribution to the development of society. Learning foreign languages, using technology effectively, and reading books help broaden the worldview of youth.
Today, young people have achieved significant success in various fields — science, technology, sports, culture, and innovation. The development of science and technology enables them to expand their knowledge and keep pace with the times. Therefore, studying science, mastering professions, and learning foreign languages is essential for every patriotic young person.
One of the key advantages of modern youth is their strong ability to quickly adapt to new technologies. Today, young people are leading in IT, startups, and digital entrepreneurship. With their innovative ideas, they provide a strong boost to the economy and discover new ways to improve everyday life for people.
Youth also play a prominent role in community and volunteer activities. Environmental protection, supporting those in need, and organizing educational initiatives are often carried out through their efforts. In sports, young people act as representatives of their country. By achieving victories in international competitions, they enhance their nation’s reputation on the global stage.
Alongside acquiring knowledge, youth must possess high moral values, respect for elders, and love for their homeland. Patriotic young people can preserve independence and national values. If youth use their valuable time efficiently, they can contribute significantly to the development of their country. Youth are a powerful force and the backbone of every nation. The future of the state and society depends on the knowledge, culture, and activity of young people.
In this regard, the Founder of Peace and National Unity — the Leader of the Nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, His Excellency Emomali Rahmon, consistently emphasizes in his speeches: “Youth are a great force and the future of the nation.”
Youth are like flowing water that keeps society alive, dynamic, and progressive. Supporting youth initiatives, listening to their voices, and trusting in their creative potential is the responsibility of every patriotic citizen. Investments made today in education, upbringing, and health of young people will return tomorrow in the form of unprecedented national development.
Youth are like an engine that drives society forward. Investing in their education, upbringing, and health means investing in a bright future for the country. Only with educated, patriotic, and creative young people can a stable and prosperous society be built.
In conclusion, youth are the driving force of society and the future of the nation. If young people are educated, well-mannered, and hardworking, the nation will achieve progress and prosperity. Therefore, supporting and educating youth is a vital responsibility of every member of society.
Ayubov Huseyn Fayziddinovich
Senior Laboratory Assistant, Department of Infrastructure Research
Institute of Economics and Demography,
National Academy of Sciences of Tajikistan
This day is regarded as a tribute to the participants of the Great Patriotic War and the home‑front workers, and is considered one of the most significant historical dates — Victory Day over fascism, which is solemnly celebrated. This day is deeply engraved in our memory as a symbol of the courage and heroism of the sons of the people and the Motherland, who fought in bloody battles for our present peaceful and prosperous life.
This important date occupies a special place in the history of the modern statehood of independent Tajikistan. May 9 is proudly celebrated as Victory Day of the peoples in the Great Patriotic War (1941–1945). In the Republic of Tajikistan, this day is recognized as an official public holiday, and various commemorative events are held throughout the country, including in regions, cities, and districts.
History bears witness that more than 300,000 citizens from Tajikistan were mobilized to the front lines, of whom over 90,000 were killed and more than 60,000 were wounded. On the eve of the celebration, the “Week of Remembrance” was traditionally held, along with meetings with war veterans aimed at educating the younger generation. Today, only a very small number of participants of the Great Patriotic War remain alive in Tajikistan.
It must be noted that the victory over fascism was achieved at the cost of the lives of tens of millions of soldiers and officers, including the sons of Tajikistan, as well as civilians in combat zones and the rear. Millions were left disabled, and countless suffered from severe hunger and tremendous hardships.
Fortunately, during the years of independence, under the wise leadership of the Founder of Peace and National Unity — Leader of the Nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, His Excellency Emomali Rahmon — alongside orphans, persons with disabilities, low‑income and homeless families, elderly citizens and veterans of war and labor are also provided with care and worthy support. The Head of State pays great attention to this issue and repeatedly emphasizes in his speeches that providing decent living conditions for them is a moral duty of every leader, active citizen, entrepreneur, and benefactor. Thus, our warriors and veterans remain forever in our memory and hearts.
We remind that regardless of one’s moral principles, under any circumstances, one must remain faithful to the service of the Motherland.
In honor of Victory Day, a number of streets, squares, and parks in the regions, cities, and districts of Tajikistan have been named after this commemorative day and the heroes of the Great Patriotic War. The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan continues to provide support to the families of the veterans of the Great Patriotic War and to those veterans who, fortunately, are still alive today.
Today, the solemn celebration of Victory Day by the peoples of the former Soviet Union demonstrates to humanity that only through unity and friendship is it possible to protect our planet from violence, bloodshed, and extremist forces. Victory Day of the Soviet Union in the Great Patriotic War is an especially important and close date for us. Therefore, it is essential to instill in the younger generation an understanding that devotion to the Motherland is a sacred duty.
O Motherland, may I be worthy of you,
So that I may become your deserving son.
I shall follow the path of your noble men,
And take counsel from your wise minds.
Unfortunately, each year we sorrowfully observe that the ranks of Great Patriotic War veterans grow smaller. Nevertheless, it is important to remember that discussions about the heroic deeds of the war heroes should be conducted with young people not only on the eve of celebrations, but throughout the entire educational process.
The annual celebration of Victory Day once again proves to humanity that strengthening friendship, cooperation, and constructive relations among nations and states is the main factor in ensuring peace and stability, sustainable development, and a calm and secure life for people around the world. Only through joint efforts can humanity resist all destructive forces.
Thus, the dignified celebration of Victory Day lays the foundation for eliminating superstition, foreign influence, ignorance, and illiteracy, and serves as an important factor in educating the younger generation in the spirit of patriotism, love for the Motherland, national self‑awareness, and appreciation of the achievements of independence. For the sake of preserving peace, unity, stability, and territorial integrity of the country, we — young scholars — must dedicate our efforts to development and to promoting our homeland on the international stage.
Happy Victory Day!
Leading Research Fellow of the Department of Infrastructure Studies,
PhD (Economics)
Sheraliev Abduvahid Abduhamidovich.
Legal Awareness of Citizens — The Foundation of a Stable System of Legal Conduct
The relatively short history of Tajikistan’s independence demonstrates that after gaining state sovereignty and transitioning from one system of governance to another, the Republic of Tajikistan has made the formation and enhancement of citizens’ legal culture and awareness one of the primary goals and fundamental tasks of its legal policy, taking into account the new system of state administration. The Founder of Peace and National Unity, Leader of the Nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Honorable Emomali Rahmon, has repeatedly emphasized the importance of maintaining political vigilance.
Different strata of society, especially scholars and researchers, must adopt the peace‑building initiatives of the Head of State and make tireless efforts toward their practical implementation and scientific explanation. Today, in light of globalization and the emergence of new social relations, the issue of strengthening legal awareness has become increasingly important, serving as a contributing factor to the development of Tajikistan as a rule‑of‑law state. A high level of legal awareness provides the foundation for building a sovereign, democratic, secular, social, and unified state, where not only legal but also moral values are respected.
Legal awareness is understood as the process of disseminating legal information regarding the general mandatory rules of conduct (norms) established by legislation. Its purpose is to raise the consciousness of participants in social relations, ensure compliance with laws, and prevent violations across all sectors. The study of normative legal acts confirms that it was precisely the initiative of the Founder of Peace and National Unity, Leader of the Nation, President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Honorable Emomali Rahmon, that led to the declaration of 2024 as the “Year of Legal Awareness.” The aim was to raise the level of citizens’ legal knowledge, promote democratic values, and foster respect for the law.
The declaration of 2024 as the “Year of Legal Awareness” was based on the Address of the President to the Supreme Assembly of the Republic of Tajikistan on December 28, 2023. The objectives of this year were defined as follows:
Raising the level of legal awareness among participants in social relations;
Promoting democratic values;
Strengthening the institution of human rights and fostering respect for them;
Further enhancing the authority of the law;
Educating participants in social relations in the spirit of respect for the law and eliminating its denial;
Ensuring the rule of law;
Establishing a stable system of legal conduct;
Promoting intolerance toward any violations of law and the inevitability of legal responsibility;
Coordinating the activities of all entities engaged in legal education and advocacy;
Creating effective mechanisms for cooperation between the state and civil society institutions in the field of legal awareness.
Implementation of these measures ensures the supreme value of the individual, their rights and freedoms, respect for and adherence to the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, laws, and normative legal acts, strengthens patriotism, increases citizens’ interest in knowledge across various fields, expands access to legal information, and reduces the level of violations. Citizens of Tajikistan must unanimously support these initiatives of the Head of State, striving to raise their own legal awareness and that of their children and society as a whole. The main purpose of this initiative is to teach every citizen to understand their rights and respect the rights of others.
According to the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, the individual, their rights and freedoms are recognized as the highest value, and the state acknowledges, respects, and protects them. We are grateful that on November 6, 1994, the citizens of Tajikistan unanimously adopted the Constitution of independent Tajikistan in a nationwide referendum, declaring: “We, the people of Tajikistan, an inseparable part of the world community, recognizing our responsibility before past, present, and future generations, realizing the sovereignty of our state and its development, considering freedom and human rights sacred, acknowledging equality and friendship of all nations and peoples, and committing ourselves to building a just society, hereby adopt and proclaim this Constitution.”
The Constitution of Tajikistan has been accepted as a fundamental and authoritative document, serving as the basis of justice for the people of Tajikistan. It is a source of pride that the Constitution of Tajikistan is recognized among the best in the world, with one‑third of its provisions devoted entirely to human rights and freedoms, guaranteed by the state. All citizens of Tajikistan are equal in rights and dignity, born with intellect and conscience, and must treat one another as brothers.
Achieving these lofty goals requires raising the legal culture of society, which demands that every citizen study the Constitution and other laws, since respect for and observance of human rights is an inseparable part of life, activity, and conduct. To strengthen legal awareness, citizens must be familiar with laws regulating their rights, such as the Law of the Republic of Tajikistan “On Legal Aid,” the Law “On Equality and the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination,” the Law “On State Guarantees of Equal Rights for Men and Women and Equal Opportunities for Their Realization,” and the Law “On Universal Military Duty and Military Service.”
Furthermore, according to Article 43 of the Constitution, the defense of the Motherland, protection of state interests, strengthening independence, security, and defense capacity are sacred duties of every citizen. We must be grateful that we have an independent, democratic, and rule‑of‑law state. It should be noted that on December 12, 2025, the United Nations General Assembly, during its 80th Session, adopted a resolution proclaiming 2027 as the “International Year of Legal Awareness,” an initiative proposed by Tajikistan. Building on the successful implementation of the “Year of Legal Awareness” in Tajikistan in 2024, the President proposed during the UN debates that this initiative be elevated to the international level.
By presenting this proposal, the Head of State emphasized the universal importance of legal awareness as a foundation of justice, effective governance, and sustainable peace. This initiative will make a significant contribution to the full realization of human rights and the strengthening of the rule of law at both national and international levels. Legal awareness serves as a means of demonstrating citizens’ rights and describing the real opportunities for self‑realization in society and the state, based on respect for the rights, freedoms, and dignity of others.
In general, expressing these ideas as citizens helps design effective measures during this commemorative year of legal awareness, laying the groundwork for eliminating superstition, alienation, ignorance, and fostering the upbringing of the younger generation in the spirit of patriotism, self‑awareness, and preservation of national values.
Senior Researcher of the Department of Infrastructure Studies, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Sheraliev Abduvohid Abduhamidovich.
